马来酸酐又称顺丁烯二酸酐（MAH），简称顺酐，是顺丁烯二酸的酸酐，室温下为有酸味的无色或白色固体，分子式为C4H2O3。顺丁烯二酸酐以前用苯的催化氧化制备，但由于的缘故，现在大多用正丁烷氧化法制取。下面
顺酐生产厂家来讲讲马来酸酐的合成办法及储运留神事项。
Maleic anhydride, also known as maleic anhydride (MAH), is an anhydride of maleic acid. It is a colorless or white solid with a sour taste at room temperature, and its molecular formula is C4H2O3. Maleic anhydride was previously prepared by catalytic oxidation of benzene, but due to price reasons, it is now mostly prepared by n-butane oxidation method. Below, maleic anhydride manufacturers will discuss the synthesis method and precautions for storage and transportation of maleic anhydride.
马来酸酐的合成办法
Synthesis method of maleic anhydride
1、苯氧化法
1. Benzene oxidation method
苯蒸气和空气（或氧气）在以V2O5－MnO3等为活性组分，α-Al2O3为载体的催化剂上发生气相氧化反应生成顺酐。苯氧化法是生产顺酐的传统生产办法，工艺技术成熟牢靠。
Benzene vapor and air (or oxygen) are active components such as V2O5-MnO3, α- Gas phase oxidation reaction occurs on the catalyst supported by Al2O3 to generate maleic anhydride. The benzene oxidation method is a traditional production method for maleic anhydride, and the process technology is mature and reliable.
2、C4烯烃法
2. C4 olefin method
该法是以混合C4馏分中的有效成分正丁烯、丁二烯等为原料，和空气（或氧气），在V2O5－P2O5系催化剂作用下经气相氧化反应生成顺酐，其中正丁烯在反应过程中先脱氢生成丁二烯，再氧化生成顺酐。在反应过程中，除生成主产物外，还副产生成一氧化碳、二氧化碳和水以及少量的乙醛、乙酸、丙烯醛和呋喃等，原料单耗高，收率低，该法已经逐渐被淘汰。
This method uses the active components such as n-butene and butadiene in the mixed C4 fraction as raw materials, and air (or oxygen), to undergo gas-phase oxidation reaction under the action of V2O5-P2O5 catalyst to generate maleic anhydride. n-butene is first dehydrogenated to produce butadiene during the reaction process, and then oxidized to produce maleic anhydride. In the reaction process, in addition to generating the main product, there are also by-products such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water, as well as a small amount of acetaldehyde, acetic acid, acrolein, and furan. The raw material consumption is high, and the yield is low. This method has gradually been phased out.
3、苯酐副产法
3. Phthalic anhydride by-product method
在由邻二甲苯生产苯酐时，能够副产得到一定数量的顺酐产品，其产量约为苯酐产量的5%。在苯酐生产中，反应尾气经洗涤塔除去有机物后排放到大气中，洗涤液为顺酐和少量的苯甲酸、苯二甲酸等杂质，经浓缩精制和加热脱水后得到顺酐产品。
When producing phthalic anhydride from ortho xylene, a certain amount of maleic anhydride product can be obtained as a byproduct, with a yield of about 5% of the phthalic anhydride production. In the production of phthalic anhydride, the reaction tail gas is discharged into the atmosphere after removing organic matter through a washing tower. The washing solution consists of maleic anhydride and a small amount of impurities such as benzoic acid and phthalic acid. After concentration, refinement, and heating dehydration, the product of maleic anhydride is obtained.
4、正丁烷氧化法
4. N-butane oxidation method
正丁烷氧化工艺是以正丁烷为原料，在V2O5-P2O5系催化剂作用下发生气相氧化反应生成顺酐。
The n-butane oxidation process takes n-butane as the raw material and undergoes a gas-phase oxidation reaction to produce maleic anhydride under the action of V2O5-P2O5 catalyst.
马来酸酐储运留神事项
Precautions for storage and transportation of maleic anhydride
1、运输留神事项：起运时包装要完整，装载应稳妥。运输过程中要确保容器不泄漏、不倒塌、不坠落、不损坏。严禁与氧化剂、还原剂、酸类、食用化学品等混装混运。运输途中应防曝晒、雨淋，防高温；
1. Precautions for transportation: The packaging should be complete during transportation and the loading should be stable. During transportation, it is necessary to ensure that the container does not leak, collapse, fall, or be damaged. It is strictly prohibited to mix and transport oxidants, reducing agents, acids, edible chemicals, etc. During transportation, it is necessary to prevent exposure to sunlight, rain, and high temperatures;
2、储存留神事项：储存于阴凉、干燥、通风良康复的库房。远离火种、热源。保持容器密封。应与氧化剂、还原剂、酸类、食用化学品离开寄存，切忌混储。配备相应品种和数量的消防器材。储区应备有合适的材料收容泄漏物；
2. Storage precautions: Store in a cool, dry, well ventilated warehouse for recovery. Keep away from sparks and heat sources. Keep the container sealed. It should be stored separately from oxidants, reducing agents, acids, and edible chemicals, and should not be mixed for storage. Equip corresponding types and quantities of fire-fighting equipment. The storage area should be equipped with suitable materials to contain leaks;
3、包装留神事项：化工中间体（氟草烟甲酯）农药中间体袋或二层牛皮纸袋外全开口或中开口钢桶；化工中间体（氟草烟甲酯）农药中间体袋或二层牛皮纸袋外纤维板桶、胶合板桶、硬纸板桶；化工中间体（氟草烟甲酯）农药中间体袋外化工中间体（氟草烟甲酯）农药中间体桶（固体）；化工中间体（氟草烟甲酯）农药中间体桶（液体）。
3. Precautions for packaging: Chemical intermediate (fluorouracil methyl ester) pesticide intermediate bags or two-layer kraft paper bags with full or medium opening steel drums; Chemical intermediate (methyl fluorouracil) pesticide intermediate bags or two-layer kraft paper bags with fiberboard barrels, plywood barrels, and cardboard barrels; Chemical intermediate (methyl fluorouracil) pesticide intermediate bag chemical intermediate (methyl fluorouracil) pesticide intermediate bucket (solid); Chemical intermediate (methyl fluorouracil) pesticide intermediate barrel (liquid).
That's all for the synthesis method and precautions for storage and transportation of maleic anhydride. We hope to provide you with good help. For more information, please come to our website http://www.jnjhhg.cn Consultation and understanding!
